For both the US and France, seas and oceans have economic, environmental, and geostrategic importance. France and the United States control the two largest exclusive economic zones (EEZs), (even though the US has not even ratified the UNCLOS), and they assert their respective maritime power despite the loss of competitiveness of their ports. On the one hand, this topic focuses on the economic role of maritime spaces, especially with regard to resources, the flows of goods and information. On the other hand, it is important to examine the military and diplomatic aspects of maritime power exercised by France and the United States.